Minkébé — Landseed

Map key

Indicative range from habitat rules — not sightings

Minkébé National Park

Adjacent reserves

In the crosshairs of traffickingtap a species ↗

Forest elephant

Giant pangolin

African grey parrot

What the intact forest holds

Western lowland gorilla

Central chimpanzee

Mandrill

Lowland bongo

Sitatunga

Forest buffalo

Leopard

Dwarf crocodile

Regional roads (none inside the park)

Human settlement · 2020

People per 100 m cell

scatteredtown

Minkébé National Parkno settlements

There are no permanent human settlements inside the protected area (WWF); the settled ground in frame follows the road corridors — Cameroon's Sangmélima–Djoum–Mintom axis north of the border, Gabon's Minvoul and Makokou roads west and south. WorldPop 2020 (constrained).

Altitude bands · 464–946 m in the park

Inselberg domes & summit ridges800–1,049

Hill forest640–800

Lowland plateau forest500–640

River corridors & swamp forest330–500

Bands are altitude, not vegetation: rainforest covers every band here, and the frame's highest ground (Mont Bengoué, 1,070 m) lies outside the park.

Minkébé National Park

A 7,534 km² block of roadless rainforest whose northern edge is an international border — the Ayina River, with Cameroon on the far bank. The outline wraps around a finger of buffer zone in the interior: the old gold-mining enclave between the Sing and Nouna rivers.

Area

7,534 km² WDPA

Category

II reported

Boundary

701 km as digitised

Compactness

0.19 Polsby–Popper

Established

2002

Elevation

464 – 946 m

One of the 13 parks of 2002 — the decree wave that put ~11% of Gabon under national-park protection in a single act

UNESCO Tentative List — nominated 2003 as “Ecosystème et paysage culturel pygmée du massif de Minkébé” (ref. 1806); not yet inscribed

TRIDOM anchor — the Gabonese corner of the 191,541 km² Dja–Odzala–Minkébé tri-national landscape agreed at Brazzaville, 2005

No roads and no permanent settlements inside the park — the nearest national road is Cameroon's, 6.1 km from the boundary

Why this park matters beyond Gabon

The forest elephant's last great refuge. In 2004 Minkébé held roughly a tenth of all forest elephants on Earth. Between 2004 and 2014 cross-border poaching removed 78–81% of them — more than 25,000 animals (Poulsen et al. 2017). Gabon as a whole still carries ~95,000, the world's largest population, which is why what happens on this border matters to the species everywhere.

An intactness benchmark. The park sits in a ~32,000 km² roadless forest block with no permanent settlement — the condition most of the Congo Basin has already lost. Its wildlife carries the signature of that intactness: KBA trigger species include gorilla, chimpanzee, mandrill, forest elephant, giant pangolin and the African grey parrot.

A one-park record of every Congo Basin pressure. Ebola emptied its apes in the 1990s (~98% decline in nest encounter rates); a gold rush filled its interior with thousands of miners until the 2011 evacuation; and the ivory trade emptied its elephants through the 2000s. What survives here is the measure of what protection on paper can and cannot hold.

A transboundary test case. The poaching that emptied Minkébé was staged from another country. No fence, patrol or park boundary answers that alone — which is what the TRIDOM agreement, and every cross-border conservation effort in the Congo Basin, exists to solve.

Area and designation: Protected Planet / WDPA id 72324; establishment and management: ANPN, Republic of Gabon. Boundary drawn from OpenStreetMap rel. 3348039 — a ring traced from a published parks-system map that measures within about 1% of the WDPA area; the outline is indicative rather than cadastral, and every area figure shown comes from WDPA, not the drawn shape. Perimeter and compactness are computed from the OSM ring at roughly 1 km generalisation and are therefore scale-dependent. Elevation and high point: KBA factsheet 6307 (2023). Elephant figures: Poulsen et al. 2017, Current Biology 27:R134–R135; national estimate: Laguardia et al. 2021.

Imagery: Esri, Maxar, Earthstar Geographics, and the GIS User Community · Elevation: AWS Terrain Tiles · Boundaries & water: OpenStreetMap (ODbL) · Protected areas & IUCN category: World Database on Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMC/IUCN)